Essay 1 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 19

1 - test ExampleThis has frequently resulted to language barrier.I have ever wanted to be left alone. I had quit a number of problems that I had to solve. I had some exams ahead of me and my finances had drained. I resolute to be serious and do the studies to make sure I pass the exams. I went into my room with the book, did my studies and revision. I recall this is the exam I highly improved.Music is one of my best in the literature field. When am stressed, bored, tired or even free I get myself either listening to music or singing some songs. Music resolves my moods and gives peace of mind.2. Interpersonal skills are regarded as one of the essential skills in the modern society. Discuss how important it is to develop such skills and whether it is possible for people to be trained in this aspect.Interpersonal skills help in the interaction of one by one or even by groups. The skills bring people together as the individuals have the knowledge of how to relate and approach others. T he skills generate endurance to individuals to face others, drive a focusing fear and create the societal cohesion need. Interpersonal skills induce team run away as each party feels free when interacting with other parties. Leadership qualities are as comfortably induced.It is possible to train people on interpersonal basis. The facilitator needs to just encourage group work and team work to the groups being trained. Out of class training as well helps people to combine thus supporting the relationships among the individuals.The changes shall be seen in the cities of China. Technology diffuses to all States of the world. People are always found for any unique change that benefits them. Ipods will make music portable and hence good.1. I was tour New York last week and noticed something Id never thought Id say about the city. Yes, nightlife is pretty much dead (and Im in no way the first to notice that). But day life that insane mishmash of yells, chatter, clatter, hustle and chutzpah that

Target Market for Points.com- One card Research Paper

Target Market for Points.com- angiotensin converting enzyme card - Research Paper ExampleThe above represent loyalty programs that grant purchasers additional value. Evidently, destine credit assists customer to obtain addition value from the organizations (Marketing donut, 2011). Understanding the market and consumer prospects of Point.com will require an initial analysis of what the organization entails. Point.Com fundamentally seeks to merge mileage allowance of its occupation. Therefore, an individual seeking to benefit from the gain of this organization requires to launch an account with the organization. Evidently, the organization rear individuals that receive mileage rewards. Consequently, this organization endeavour to consolidate the different mileage that their clientele receive. Additionally, the entity target individual with inability to track their rewards. Therefore, Point.com manages its clienteles rewards. Additionally, ensuring that the clientele accomplish el ite status consequently, earning better rewards. Point.com also converts rewards to point and finally to monetary value, which the customer shag cash. Notably, Point.coms clientele pay certain charges for the management of their accounts with the organization and conversion of the rewards and mileage (Uncles & Dowling, 1997).Point.com has a specific target market, which is constituted by the clientele of airlines and hotels. It is exigent to estimate the target market since it encompasses clientele of the service perseverance firms. However, accomplishment of Point.coms objective to dominate the market depends on its capacity to manage the clienteles rewards. Ultimately, the firm has the compulsory resources to dominate the loyalty management sector since it is non capital intensive. Acquiring a substantial market proportion will require considerable time duration since the industry is expanding gradually. Additionally, the entity does not possess a robust marketing program. The above smart analysis reveals that Point.com

Issues involving the implementation of mobile learning technologies Essay

Issues involving the implementation of mobile acquire technologies - Essay eccentricConsidering the wide span and quick progress of technology over the last decade, it goes without saying that there argon multiple do works where technology can be used to foster student learning, be it distant or in-campus education. This far-reaching potential of technology constitutes synchronous and asynchronous learning (Piskurich, 2003). The first term is similar to whats conventionally the class-room learning, where the students or participants are present and real-time yack away delivery passs place. The use of technology here is in various framings, such(prenominal) as e-meeting, e-conference (video/tele-conference), virtual classrooms, radio technology and live streaming etc. asynchronous is a kind of passive form of distant learning, which allows the student or participant to chafe lecture notes and study material at their own convenience. The schedule here is more flexible for the st udent, who may take notes whenever possible for them. The means used here are email, audio or video recordings, print materials, center board forums etc. (Belanger & Jordan, 2000). Challenges and Obstacles The basic challenge in the use of technology to foster student learning is the adaptability factor. It is a major responsibility on the part of the organization or institution to extend access as well update and enrich the resources available to a medium online or at the form of technology being used. Although the phenomenon of distant learning might be a very attractive atomic number 53 for institutions, and may come with positive factors like an increased enrollment, greater creativity for the faculty in their belief techniques, supporting education for all slogans, cost and time saving etc., yet it possesses a plethora of challenges and obstacles which strike to be covered before the long-term benefits are realized. Before a thing such as distant learning is popularized, it has to be advertised enough to the people to understand the need of it. Lack of such an understanding might give a severe blow to the initiative taken and the institution could bugger off high losses. This involves a collective change in the perception of learning and teaching, as opposed to the conventional classroom practice. It calls for almost a revolution in this field and a major change in the administrative planning, organization and day-to-day management. More important is technology adaption, which not only involves agreeing to adapt the tell phenomenon, but to a fault calls for a huge investment and development of related infrastructure in the form of state-of-the-art technologies with consistent technological updates. Unless it is very worthwhile and/or its long term benefits are unploughed in view with knowledge of short term loss period, most institutions or organizations would not pick out to revert to distance learning phenomenon. This investment is not only on the part of the institution, but also the people to whom the services are intended to be delivered to. Not the same, but a fair sum up of technological availability will be mandatory for the receptors of distant learning, which would come from their willingness to invest in it. thence this way, it is not just an institutional

International Adoption Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

global acceptance - Research Paper Examplets meet across lines of disparity involving not only in the biological factor, but too race, ethnicity, nationality, cultural heritage and socio economic class. Typically in world-wide adoption, the adoptive parents usually belong to one of the richer countries of the world where they have a tendency to adopt children from a despicable mother and belonging to less privileged ethnic and racial groups of poorer countries of the world. There are many countries that service for the US couples who are planning to adopt (Bartholet, International Adoption).International adoption is a phenomenon of the conclusion half century. The trend had begun after the First World War. The horrible outcome of the war led to certain deaths and devastation. In most of the vanquished countries, the difficulty of parentless children had become evident to the world. Again Korean War also opened up an option for United States to adopt Korean child. Recently, d issolution of the U.S.S.R. and fall of the Iron shroud have resulted in inclusion of the name of Russia, China and various new countries in that list. Chinas one child problem along with its overpopulation crisis resulted in the foreign adoption of thousands of baby girls (Bartholet, International Adoption).The two basic reasons namely the children in need of home and larger community issues make good deal in favor of the international adoption. Otherwise there is huge controversy regarding this subject. Again one who is in favor of international adoption defines it in context of the social science and child development expertness which refers that children placed in the international adoptive home grow up much better than those who brought upon the route or in institutional homes. In this regards, the opponents argued that children can be better served through remaining in the same community of their origin and become fortunate to enjoy ethnic and national heritage. Again the ad vocates of the international adoption

Article Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Article Analysis - Assignment interpreterConstructing Conceptions of Central Banking Historically Central Banks acted as both bankers and political sciences bank. As a government banker, the Central Banks helped in debt management, development programs, currency evaluation and existence finances. As a private bank, it facilitated in prolonging banking stability and payment robustness etc. The role of the central banks as a government banker shows its historical links with fiscal policies. Over time, the primary role of the central bank has been confined in bod monetary policies. Previously, Keynes considered Central Banks as organs of state and instrument of government policy. Central banks role was to maintain economic and financial stability, check states delay over currency and manage public finances. Prices of goods and services were ameliorate under the Keynesian regime. Friedman and Hayek claimed that the central banks should only try to check the powers of governments b y controlling the money make out of the economy and framing monetary policies (Marsh, 1992). ... All the nations in the electromagnetic unit under this regime decided to drug abuse Euro as their common currency. The ECB was supposed to formulate the monetary policies for all these nations. The central bank of Germany, Bundesbank has seemed to highly captivate the policies set by the ECB. Germanys strong authorities in the EMU have make separate nations suspect the virtues of ECBs policies towards the economic progress of the EMU. Under this regime the governments of all these nationals had no power to control the monetary supremacies of ECB (Kolb, 2005). Both Super Strong and Extraordinarily Weak The ECB did not make direct public debts purchases and imposed high constraints in public debt financing. The member states in the EMU were instructed to maintain their budgets in symmetry or in surplus. If the budget deficit of a nation increased by 3% of its gross domestic help prod uct then that nation was penalized under the regime of Excessive Deficit Procedure. Rather no implicit alliance outs were offered on the failed government projects. ECB started to act as inflation tighter, while the supreme powers of the Bundesbank made other nations of the EMU hostile. Rather lack of funds started to imbibe economic crisis in the EMU. The same dress does not depart everyone, the German policies and norms introduced by ECB were highly unsuitable for many nations in EMU. The price stability and structural changes made in the labour market made income distributions inequitable between the European nations and also reduced the domestic demands (Szapary, 2000). ECB Anti-growth Bias and Pre-crisis Performance The ECBs antigrowth biased monetary policies following the Stability and Growth Policy is rattling responsible

The Legal and Ethical Environment of Business Case Study

The Legal and Ethical Environment of Business - Case Study ExampleThe sail issued receipts to passengers that had a clause stating that any claim do by either the employees or the passengers moldiness be made infra the country in which the canvass sword lily. For this case, the cruise flag a Liberia flag hence any claim to be made must be under the Liberia law.For a commit to operate worldwide, it should have a country of registry for it to operate in the international water. Cruise vessels of countries much(prenominal) as United Kingdom, United States, Netherlands, Panama, Norway, Bahamas, Netherlands, and Liberia ar provided with the flag registry. These countries are members of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) as they provide the vessel owners with the registry services and maritime expertise. In a competitive international shipping industry, flag registration requirement must be met. The first requirement is that the flag state should be a member of Interna tional Maritime Organization (IMO) that adopt the IMOs maritime safety Resolutions and Conventions and secondly is that a flag state must have an established maritime organization that is capable of enforcing all international and national regulations.Since the DWI cruise ship flies Liberian flag of convenient, they are normally are under a regulatory agency of maritime experts that ensure shipping companies are compliant with the laws of technical vessels registered in that country in areas of operation procedures and practices. (International Council of Cruise Lines, 2006) DWI issued tickets to Mr. and Mrs. Lowell stating that any claim made by twain the passengers and the employees against the shipping company should be made under the law of the country in which the cruise flag. The DWI cruise Minnow happened to fly Liberian flag, therefore, any claim made against the shipping company should be made under the Liberian law.Under the Liberian law, any property of the wife belongs to the husband and she has no subject matter claim for them or even claims for his injuries. When Mrs. Lowell returned to Miami, her attorney faxes a letter to DWI shipping company requesting them to send to the $10 million within 10 business day in regards to Mr. and Mrs. Lowell incident. Indeed the Lowell suffered during the robbery incident in their cabin and they lost valuable items like jewelry. But according to the Liberian law, the wife has no potentiality to sue for his husband injuries and even if the jewelry belonged to her, she has no capacity to sue for them since they belong to the husband. However, Mrs. Lowell was also batter and suffered emotional distress during the robbery incident. For this case, her attorney can sue the shipping company for negligence under the law of civil wrong. Her attorney needs to argue that Mrs. Lowell suffered after the robbery incident, therefore, sues the company for damages for breach of exact infliction of emotional distress assau lt and battery. She is entitled to remedies for damages due to negligence on the attitude of the shipping company for there was no clause on the ticket on this and they owed her a employment of care during while on their ship as a passenger. Under the Liberian law, the law of tort protects the individuals interest in their bodily security and its objective of the remedy is to reinstate a persons initial position.

UNITED NATIONS AND INTERNATIONAL LAW Assignment

UNITED NATIONS AND INTERNATIONAL LAW - Assignment ExampleIts formation was with an aim of with promoting self-respect and good international relations, uphold good environmental efforts and ensure peace through disarmament policy1.However, the young Liberia crisis that led to ousting of its leadership has raised growing concern about the commitment of U.N in advance peace. Throughout period, the Rwandan genocide continued the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) conflicts among many other examples have multicolor a bad picture of the ability of U.N to upheld peace2. The military action in Libya that led to increasing redness of lives and rise in humanitarian crisis was a big blow to the United Nations goal of sustainability of peace. In this paper, I examine historic functions of United Nations in Africa and beyond. The continued effort to ensure peaceful coexistence in Africa and the historical background of the United Nations and peacekeeping missions in Africa will form the basi s of this essay. In addition, I point that there have been many controversies.Peacekeeping has been ratified by the Charter of the United Nations as an all-important(a) strategy that gives the Security Council powers to take collective action to ensure peace prevail. There are both primary means of promoting peace through the United Nations, firstly the parade that comprise representatives from member countries is raiment to undertake the mission. In other incidences, the United Nations authorizes regional bodies such as North Atlantic accord Organization (NATO), African Union and other regional bodies to undertake peaceful settlement of peace. Today, Africa is the biggest source troops to the peacekeeping missions. Coincidentally, Africa has seen the worst history of civil unrest, destabilization of the government over the past three decades.African continent bore the greatest brunt of peacekeeping mission. As early as 1960-64, Congo experienced knockout civil unrest leading to intervention by the UN through formation of United Nations

Letter from Hagar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Letter from Hagar - Essay ExamplePride was my wilderness, and the demon that led me thither was fear. I was alone, neer anything else, and never free, for I carries my chains within me, and they spread out from me and shackled in totally I touched(page 292). My dear child, you are young and the fountain of early days adverts upon you. Waste it non your youth on matters that will chain your heart and soul. You must know that I loved your grandfather affectionately though I never really found the right way to translate him how much. I could not at that time for I believed that I must maintain restraint and never allow my feelings flow as freely as a cascading waterfall. I exhort you not commit the same mistakes I did. I could dedicate shown your grandfather the ecstasies I felt when making love. It was not long after we wed, when prime(prenominal) I felt my blood and vitals rise to meet his. He never knew. I never spoke aloud, and I made certain the trembling was all inner I p rided myself on keeping my pride intact, like some maindenhood (page 81). Alas, I was wrong. I could have soared to the skies and explode that a super nova in the skies and then come down from heaven to dance with the daffodils but I was too proud to do such things. I made myself believe that pride is more important than showing warmth and judge the same like an all consuming fire that runs through your veins searing you blood until you scream not in agony but in ecstasy.Now, as I look back into the empty years where I held my feeling locked and sealed inside me, tears come welling up and spilling down my weathered cheeks unbidden. I strived to handle them but could not. I could have given more but did not. I could not bring myself to show much love and say the right word a t the right time. Like a stone angel made of hard marble, I am doubly blind. But then again, would they have reacted differently had I said and done things differently? Would they? I think not. So it is perfec tly all right.Child, I want you

Homosexuality in Britain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Homosexuality in Britain - Essay ExampleAccording to the article, the orientation for gustatory perception to same sex relations remain covert as it was categorized as criminal in nature to expose sapphic acts, in private or in public, even by consenting adults prior to 1969. There was no organization in England promoting for any homosexual reform that it waited for American ideals of homosexual liberation to emerge. Despite the British laws prevailing to be predominantly homophobic, homosexual content in slope literature still remained sporadic, depending on the creativity and restraint of the writer.British literature had patiently waited for fourteen historic period since the Wolfenden Report of 1953 recommending that homosexual behavior between consenting adults in private no longer be criminalized in England, before they can freely express homosexual content in their literary works.It is my in-person contention that the issue of homosexuality remains to be controversial in other parts of the knowledge domain until contemporary times. What American culture had promoted in terms of liberalizing homosexual behavior was readily accepted in other Western civilizations. Some Eastern culture remains to be still conservative in openly accepting homosexual acts given the cultural values and beliefs, especially pinning on sacred orientations.In literature, however, I support freedom of creative expression including the writing of homosexual content conform to ethical frameworks. Wanton disregard for the readers morals would render their literary work utterly improvident.I grant Jeremy Benthams belief that in writing about homosexuality, one must weigh the pleasure of consensual homosexual relations against the pain or harm it causes the general public by causing no harm to others, homosexuality is justified by the pleasures of those who practice it. (glbtq, 2002,

Pelagian Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pelagian Culture - Essay ExampleOriginal sin and overemphasized sine qua non in Divine aid were considered as the fetters for human. Therefore, the essence of traditional Pelagianism was in negation of original sin put to work upon human nature and in neglecting of Divine aid role for human salvation. Promptly these ideas were transformed into several(prenominal) moral principles, namely that human will is capable of choosing equitable or evil without Divine aid, and that charity has full control and responsibility for its aver salvation in addition to full responsibility for every(prenominal) sin.These old ideas are in a heart of modern society. Indeed, most of us live excite by ideas of independence, self-sufficiency, and also responsibility for our free choice. However, allegorically some of us build our houses upon the sand. And every ace that heareth these sayings of mine, and doeth them not, shall be likened unto a foolish man, which built his house upon the sand. And t he rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house and it fell and prominent was the fall of it. (Matthew 726-27). Are we strong enough to make the right choice between good and evil without Gods will inside of us Are we so wise to certify consequences of our actions hidden in futureLast Last questions are contra-Pelagian for the no answers. It is interesting that these questions will become pro-Pelagian rhetoric for the yes answers assumed. It larnms that psychologically Pelagian culture is a culture of self-confident and active individuals. And vice versa, non-Pelagian culture is suited for submission and combine in Gods will. For instance, Pelagius places free will at the basis of all turning to God for grace see St. Augustines critique in (Book I, chapter24). Then, doctrine of Pelagius somewhat conflicts with the words of Christ Without me ye can do nothing (John 155) see details in St. Augustine (Book I, chapter 30). It seems that for moder n human being non-Pelagian culture is too passive and inseparable oriented. However, I suppose that this is essential feature of true Christianity. Of course, both Pelagian and non-Pelagian cultures have positive and negative aspects. To disclose these ones, let us consider the case of real person which tried to balance between own freedom and responsibility. This is the case of Albert Speer, the first architect of the Third Reich. He was talented designer having numerous architectural ideas. And he wished to realize them all. This was the case when individual wants to be self-fulfilled, but self-fulfilled at any price. It is important that this is a typical case for Pelagian (sic) culture. Moreover, Speer was capable to understand and then realize monstrous architectural visions of Hitler. Therefore, he had admission for almost all intellectual, financial and human resources of Nazi Germany. In other words, his free will was back up by external forces. And Speer worked. He felt oneself as a origin of beautiful, perfect and immense constructions. scarce simultaneously he agreed with the forced evictions of Jews from their houses to make room for his plans, and also agreed with usage of the slave labour to build his constructions. After years, Speer acknowledged his own guilt, but as guilt of blinded creator with see no evil attitude towards the

ABBREVIATION ERRORS Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ABBREVIATION ERRORS - Assignment Exampled that the Institute of Medicine reported that more than 7,000 deaths a year are due to medication errors which was published in their 1999 review To Err is clement (Landers ). Due to this disturbing report, a campaign was launched in 2006 by FDA and IMP to reduce errors, wherein one of the primary(prenominal) thrusts of that campaign was to eliminate some error-prone notations like U and IU ( FDA press release 2006 )The following trine abbreviations chosen that were prone to error are the following BT ( bedtime ),q1d ( once a daily), and u ( for units ). BT is usually monstrous as BID ( twice daily ) which fanny be lethal when the medication can get down extreme reactions to the patient when an over dose is given. Another mistake would be q1d which can be mind of as 4 times daily since it closely resembles qid .thus, administering a dosage four times the first dosage can have produce other unwanted symptoms such as allergy or even sh ock that can complete the doctors treatment. The third abbreviation is u ( units ) which is commonly mistaken 0 or 4 thereby increasing the dosage as much as ten times. Consequently, the result would be an overdose that would stress out the liver or kidneys of the patient which can cause serious complications or even death.The Purpose of the safety goals is to promote safety when using abbreviations in prescribing. The Goals main focus is clarity in written communication that will result to correct government of

Delusional Disorders Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Delusional Disorders - Research Paper ExampleDD is also known as psychosis or paranoid disorder and persists for at least one month (Bustillo, 2008).DD whitethorn be tie in to the patients life history or his experiences in the past and is seen in elder good deal normally who combine it with auditory hallucinations. However, DD patients do non show any abnormal or flakey behavior when they socialize.DD is of various types depending upon the kind of delusions being experienced by the patient. According to the Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders (2010), these types admit Erotomanic (the patient has the delusion that someone famous is in love with him which may cause the patient to root him) Grandiose (the patient thinks that he has great abilities that make him better than others) Jealous (the patient thinks that his partner is betraying him) Persecutory (where the somebody thinks that he is being spied or harrassed) Somatic (the patiemt thinks that he has some physical abnormality) and, Mixed (the patient may show multiple types of DD).Research has shown that DD patients do not act strange or weird when they atomic number 18 being social, and this is what makes this disorder different from other psychotic disorders (Schultz & Videbeck, 2008, p. 174). Unless the patient himself discusses the problem with the healthcargon professionals, it is very baffling to tell whether a person is suffering from DD or not. However, the patient is apt to make choices and decisions depending on his delusions which he may not make otherwise. For example, if he believes that his spouse is betraying him, he may choose not embroider his family which is a choice he would not have made otherwise.Another reason why DD are not obvious is that a DD patient sometimes holds so strong opinion that he does not even think that he is wrong in believing what he think is true no matter how troubled he feels about the situation (Sedler, 1995). Instead of detecting

What is Marriage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

What is Marriage - Essay ExampleThe first marriage is instituted by perfection in the Garden of Eden. After He created the heaven and earth and all creatures therein, He similarly created man. However, He likewise recognized that It is non good that man should be alone I get out make him an help meet for him. Thus, He made Eve to complete ten, to be his companion, to receive his lovemaking and share his dominion in all the earth. It should also be noted that as Eve is created from Adams ribs, she became the bone of his bones and the flesh of his flesh which signifies their union.Biblical marriage, as stated above has three measurable eyeshots which is contained in Genesis 224. The first is that a man should leave his father and m other. In a marriage, this is extremely important. It should also be noted that it is the man who should leave his parents as he is the head of the family. In the house of his parents, the father of the husband is the head of the family. Thus, the f irst phase of marriage requires him to put up his proclaim dwelling with his wife apart from his parents. This is illustrated in the Bible in the case of Jacob. In the house of his father-in-law, he is considered as a servant. When he returned to his fathers camp, he did not live with them but ramp up his induce star sign. In our modern world, this purview of marriage is still very important. A separate menage is imperative for a family as it allows them to make their own decisions. This also helps prevent disputes arising from the disagreements among parents and children.... In the house of his father-in-law, he is considered as a servant. When he returned in his fathers camp, he did not live with them but build his own household (Ptacek 4). In our modern world, this aspect of marriage is still very important. A separate household is imperative for a family as it allows them to make their own decisions. Also, a man and woman joined in marriage are considered to have a new lif e of their own and separating them to their parents will ensure this. This also helps prevent disputes arising from the disagreements among parents and children.The second phase of marriage in Biblical marriage is for man to cleave to his wife. This aspect is better illustrated by using a simpler word for cleave. Cleave means to be joined which connotes a close, intimate and inseparable relationship with his wife (Ptcaek 5). Being joined is more than just living together. A man and woman bound by marriage will have a meeting not only of mind and heart, but should also have one direction, one purpose, and one faith. This second aspect strongly indicates the eternal covenant between man and woman. A husband cleaving to his wife is an illustration of both individuals being joined for the rest of their lives amidst any situation.The third aspect of marriage is that husband and wife shall plow one flesh. Accordingly, there are three interpretations to this passage. The first one believ es that it symbolizes sexual intercourse while the other is the wifes joining the family of her husband. However, a more favored interpretation is the reference to the flesh to the natural life (Ptacek 7-9). When God created man with soul, spirit, and body the two being eternal while the physical body perishes after death.

World Hunger Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

World Hunger - Essay showcaseAs George Michael vividly shows in his 1990 song Praying for Time, These are the days of the hungry man, with 25 000 thousand casual dying of hunger and 852 million living without adequate food (WFP 2006) - more than the feature populations of the USA, Canada, the EU. period we sit at our tables and splurge on chicken by Mac and Kentucky pork ribs and rind garden and crunchy slaw salads baked, mashed and fried potatoes, and more, thousands of nation in Calcutta are eating lentil stew for their unique daily meal. While our children drink twenty ounces of soda and juice everyday, countless children in Bangladesh would give - and sometimes do give - an arm and a leg for a mouthful of clean water. While we have the prodigality of dieting, vegetarianism, anorexia and bulimia, hundreds of people in Darfour only have aid rations spooned out under refugee tents or dropped from whirring helicopters. While we can pick, choose and refuse from the confusion of c ows milk, goats milk, soy milk and rice milk, undernourished mothers in Ethiopia yell in despair over drooping desiccated breasts that have not even an ounce of gentleman milk for their famished babies.It is impossible to wrap ones mind around the 518 billion dollars of US military consumption in 2005 (Wikipedia 2006) money that could cater food aid to the entire population of hungry, malnourished and undernourished peoples for cinque hundred years When we sit and eat our dollar meals, we dont stop to think that around the world, 1.2 billion people have to survive on only the cost of that meal per day (BOL 2006). Our mindless lavish pass - 400 dollars for an iPod to listen to hours of music, or for a PSP2 to play hours of games - we are oblivious to the fact that the cost of those now-simple pleasures could provide much needed food, employ manpowert and medication to four families for a month. Instead, as George Michael bemoans, The rich declare themselves deplorable/ and most of us are not sure/ if we have too much, but well take our chances/ cause god stopped keeping score.Except in the rare music video or news telecast, we no longer are confronted with pictures of pot-bellied children in the shanty towns of Jakarta or Bogot with sore-ravished oversize heads and squall on their mouths who jackfruit by slum drains drinking fly- and disease-infested water just meters downstream from where dead animals lay, women wash dirty clothes, and men dump pails of urine and feces. We cannot imagine the trauma of the 800 million undernourished people eking out an existence in India, China, Africa, Asia, Latin America (WFP 2006), buffeted on all sides poverty on the right, natural disasters on the left, AIDS, dysentery, typhoid from the front, and ethnic, civil and religious wars from behind. We sometimes purge our consciences with token telethons and all-star songs. Yet for the most part we sit in our comfortable bubbles, isolated and insulated from the suffering multitudes outside our windows and inside our television sets. As George Michael points out, These are the days of the lift hand/ Oh you hold on to what you can/ And charity is a coat you wear twice a year. Every day we pass hungry people with outstretched palm on the paving material as we zing by in our rose-tinted Benzes and Escalades. Superstars

How to make it illegal for employers not to offer bike racks and Essay

How to make it illegal for employers not to offer bike racks and showers - quiz ExampleThis research will begin with the presentation of the current state of workplace cycling campaign. The study benefit to employers is that healthy employees take fewer sick leaves and are more productive at the workplace. The health of employees is improved because cycling is a form of physical exercise which lowers blood pressure of people, improves weight dominance and improves the condition of the heart and lungs. Cycling employees are also very alert and they experience lower strive levels. Employees also arrive at work on or in time because cyclists are freed from relations jams. Staff cycling also lowers direct be of employers. Employees also travel cheaply using divided up bicycles at the workplace hence savings are made on bus fares, taxi costs and railway care to hire expenses. The organization also benefits from cheaper parking costs, this is because the cost of parking one car sac k adequately meet parking costs for more than 10 bicycles. Encouraging cycling also reduces familiarity car expenses because giving a bicycle and incentives make employees forego company car. Cycling also builds a greener corporate image this is because companies encouraging staff cycling reduce effects of road congestion and associated propagate pollution. Employees also benefit from cycling in various ways. Staff cycling lowers the cost of employee travel this is because the buy price of a bicycle is much less than the buying price of a car, cycling saves car parking fees, and employees incur fewer petrol bills and bus passes.

Romeo and Juliet Analysis Essay Example for Free

Romeo and Juliet Analysis EssayThroughout life, humans be indue to the test and must remain true to themselves and new(prenominal)s. In the play Romeo and Juliet, by William Shakespeare, Juliet encounters many trials and goes finished some(prenominal) experiences. As Juliet goes through many struggles, she continues to remain loyal to her husband Romeo.Juliet remains loyal to Romeo and goes to true extremes to remain married only to him. Juliet has been promised to marry Paris even though she is already married to Romeo. She is currently with Friar Lawrence and asking him for a way out of her promised marriage. She reasons with him saying, God has joined my heart and Romeos, thou our detention (4.1.56). The Friar gives her a potion to put her in a death like trance. Later on when she awakes from her trance, she discovers that Romeo has died, she says to herself, O, quick dagger, this is thy sheath. There rest and let me die (5.3.174). By gratefully accepting a poison to put her in a death like state, she is desperate and willing enough to be buried in a tomb to wait for Romeo to avoid a wedding. Once Juliet discovers Romeo dead, she is faced with marrying Paris or committing self-destruction to remain loyal only to Romeo. When she kills herself, she remains only wedded to Romeo. Not only is she loyal with care her marriage, she remains loyal when talking about him.Even when Juliet receives disastrous news, she remains true to Romeo. Juliet has just standard news of her cousins death due to Romeo. She starts to curse him and speak badly of him but thus stops and says, blistered be thy tongue for such a wish (3.2.99). Even though she is trying to come with the death of her cousin, she continues to remain loyal to Romeo who has slain her cousin. Romeo murders her beloved cousin, and instead of her being furious at him and move to condemn him, she stops and defends Romeo. Rather than Juliet switching where her loyalties lie, she continues to defen d Romeo and remains to love him as her husband. Throughout the several trials Juliet faces and undergoes, she perseveres and stays loyal to Romeo.Juliet is willing to go to the extremes, including death, in order to remain loyal to her husband. As she encounters propagation of sadness, she is able tokeep thinking straight and remain faithful to Romeo. With her demonstration of loyalty, she stays committed to Romeo, which sparks other conflicts. Being loyal is required to build trust to help build a lasting kind through the troubles till death.

Dramatic Irony in Oedipus Essay Example for Free

Dramatic Irony in Oedipus EssayIn the play written by Sophocles, Oedipus the King, there are several instances of irony. Dramatic irony, or tragic irony as some critics would like to call it, usually means a situation in which the character of the play has limited association and says or does something in which they have no idea of the significance. The audience, however, already has the knowledge of what is going to occur or what the consequences of the characters actions leave be. The degree of irony and the effect it has depends upon the readers grasp and recognition of some discrepancy between twain things. Our first taste of dramatic irony comes very(prenominal) early into the play when Oedipus vows to bring to justice the slayer of Laius, which is in reality himself. When he learns that the bringing of justice of Laius killer will rid the city of a terrible plague, he sets forth with a plan to track down the killer. Oedipus begins to curse the killer and vowsOedipus A s for the criminal, I pray to God Whether it be a lurking thief, or one of a number I pray that that mans life be consumed in evil and wretchedness.And as for me, this curse applies no less (968)This is very ironic, as Oedipus is indeed, without knowledge of the truth, talking about himself.Another intent of dramatic irony is the power of dowery and Oedipus powerlessness against it. Throughout the play we are aware of Oedipus fate and we realize there is nothing that he can do to change it. When Oedipus tells his city after listening to their plea for help against the terrible dis inn and plague that has taken over the cityOedipus I know that you are deathly sick and yet, roam as you are, not one is as sick as I. (963)The audience understands the truth and the irony in that statement. Oedipus should not worry about himself becoming sick for he is already infested with the sickness.A third example of the irony of Oedipus is the fact that Oedipus seemed to be blind and deaf to the truth. He appears to be on a bold search for the truth and justice of the killer of Laius, yet refuses to hear the truth when it is spoken to him. In order to hear the truth Oedipus needed to be able to hear and interpret it, yet he solely heard what he postulateed to hear. Therefore rendering him unable to understand the mystery of who he unfeignedly was.In this play there seems to be a constant string of ironies throughout. Oedipus is in denial of the truth. In his dramatic speeches he misconstrues the information that he has been given by Teiresias, as well as Creon and Iocaste. The abominable realization that the prophecy of the Sphinx is in fact the truth, causes Oedipus to blind himself. The audience therefore pities him, which is a result of the use of dramatic irony. The use of irony in a play allows the writer to make their audience want to see how the events which are occurring, mentally affect the main character, even if they already know how the story will end, as i n Oedipus the King.Kennedy, X.J., and Gioia Dana. Oedipus the King Literature An Introduction toFiction, Poetry, and Drama. 2nd edition. New York Addison Wesley Longman,2000. 960-1005.

Malnutrition in Darfur Essay Example for Free

Malnutrition in Darfur EssayDarfur is located in the Western part of Sudan and covers ane fifth of the res publica existence home to six million passel. Darfur authority ho physical exertion of fur and it is a historical contri nonwithstandingion of Bilad al Sudan which is the Western part of Sudan. The northern part of Darfur is occupied by the Arabs while the main occupants of grey part atomic number 18 the w seee Arabs and Fur who atomic number 18 likewise regarded as the pot of Darfur. Christianity period in Darfur lasted from around 900 to 1200. In the late 1980s, ethnic tensions between the people of Darfur and nomadic Arabs and new(prenominal) agriculturalists began erupting into armed conflicts.These conflicts were real bloody and they continue up to 2003 after which the rebels from among the agriculturalists started attacking installations of the judicature. A stillness treaty was signed in the year 2003 but this was not effective. The government of Su dan is lift upn to support these killings which become worse day after day. Janjaweed is the conference that is terrorizing the people of Sudan and is utter to be like a features of the mafia and the KKK in U. S. Janjaweed argon racists and want to see the subjugation of the non Arabs in Sudan (Ubiera, 2010).Malnutrition refers to a condition which occurs when a persons body is deprived of large nutrients. It is brought ab break by an unbalanced diet, toughies in digestion, problems of absorbing viands or new(prenominal) medical conditions. Hunger, protein wishing and overconsumption ar the main causes of malnutrition. Malnourishment progress tos the body struggle to operate normally as such the exponent to learn and physical work becomes difficult to undertake.In women and oddly breastfeeding m separates, the prospect of producing breast milk that is cater is very low (WFP, 2010). At present there are about 5 million people who are experiencing pabulum in auspices in northern parts of Sudan, Darfur macrocosm among them. This is callable to the conflicts loss on in Darfur, poor 2009/2010 harvests, sky rocketing feed prices and reduction in supply of grains. Levels of food insecurity are due to civil insecurities, limited entranceway to cultivable land by the IDPs and poor rainfall, destruction of crops by animals, and pest infestation.Populations that are experiencing food insecurity are verifying on aids from field Food schedule (WFP) while others brand name up developed coping strategies like sale of livestock, firewood and even grass so as to buy food in addition to income received from daily wage (USAID, 2010). By January 2010, research serene by UNICEF interpreted that there was an increase in all the three regions of Darfur with Northern Darfur being the worst hit into Outpatient Treatment Programme and Supplementary Feeding Centers. Global Outcome Malnutrition showed that it stood at over 15% in Darfur.It is estimated that t here were about 3. 6 million beneficiaries of food with 30, 000MT. Consequence of the food insecurity al virtually of the individuals rely on donations from donors. If this cooperate is not received, most of them end up starving. However, when it finally arrives it is limited in mensuration and besides quality so its recipients fuelnot get all the required nutrients. Due to this there is malnutrition and more so in the camps where water is a problem too. Studies fox shown that by January 2010, 80% of the total deaths since the fighting began are due to diseases and not effect.The findings showed that among the millions of people affected by the on going conflicts, most of them were still at risk of succumbing to malnutrition, waterborne diseases and diarrhea which has been rampant in the camps as the fighting continues. Displaced individuals are the most sensitized to this (AP, 2010). International interventions have been put in place so as to reduce the levels of inhumane actions in Darfur. Thousands of peacekeepers are in the region where there is collaboration of African Union-UN peace keeping and UNAMID. However, the intervention is express to have failed due to a number of factors.First, the government of Sudan is the main player of genocide. United Nations and as fountainhead as the International community has the committal to respect the sovereignty of the national governments and so with this commitment and their bring to maintain peace cannot afford them to enter into war with the government of Sudan. This means that attempts to stop war can only be successful if the government of Sudan is get outing to cooperate but if it continues to keep conflicts alive and use racial hatred as a means to attack the marginalized communities, the interventions will be of little impact.another(prenominal) reason is the lack of outside(a) community to make full commitments to bringing the war to a stop. The people around the human beings are unwilling t o incur the costs of peace keeping unless there are nigh international strategic interests or economic benefits. The cost to human lives is not acceptable by most individuals for international conflicts which have no direct consequences to their own lives. Another reason is attributed to overall wavering of countries, agencies or forces to do something which is related to war on terror being undertaken by US or any acres.The last reason is the complexity of the problem itself. The Darfur war has significant social and political aspects. therefrom the flaring up of the crisis in Darfur can only end when there is a long indestructible balance of power between the two warring groups (Kumar, 2010). Even with the said failure by the humane group to bring sanity into the region, their presence is still felt in Darfur. They nonetheless face numerous challenges but are daring enough to continue with their stay.Some of the problems are related to the government which makes it difficu lt for them to obtain travel visas and work permit. Bandits too attack them making it impossible for them to access the troubled areas but this has not deterred them. They try as much as possible to access the areas so as to help victims of crime and mostly the displaced people but mostly the vulnerable groups which comprise of children, women, the sick and the elderly.This shows the level of their commitment despite the reality of the failure of their efforts to bring peace in Darfur (USAID, 2010). The Sudan government and conflicts Sudans Liberation array and Justice and Equality movement began attacking the government in the year 2003 by oppressing them for favoring Arabs over drear Africans. Initially the conflicts were generally due to neglect by the government and lack of development in the non-white inhabited regions. former(a) supporting factors of the conflicts in Darfur are deemed to be complex and interwoven.Factors like, environmental degradation due to conflict over the access to the resources famines in the past, neglect by the government hence lack of development characterized by poor health facilities, breakdown of the education sector and poorly developed economy and constant quantity interference by outsiders like British colonialists, Southern conflicts and expansion of Islamic religion. The Sudanese government responded by deploying troops to back the militias or the Janjaweed. This make the government to be accused of supporting crimes against humanity and hence perpetrating genocide.Entire communities wooly-minded their livelihood as most of their villages were burnt to the ground which forced individuals to flee from their homes. The most vulnerable groups in the underlying conditions are women and children. This is attributed to the violence in the camps for the internally displaced, and attacks on the civilians including sexual violence that is gender based and reduction in the level of water supplies (AMNESTY International, 2008) . Humanitarian crisis resulted due to this mass fault of the citizens.They included direct attacks to poor living conditions which were deteriorating day in day out. 300,000 people have lost their lives from the year 2003 to 2005 and it is during this period that George W. Bush declared the Darfur crisis as genocide. Despite the worlds outcry, the genocide continued as the number of those displaced and killed continued to increase. In 2006, the Sudanese government signed a peace treaty with one of the rebel movements but it continued to fight the other two groups which did not consent to sign language the treaty.The rebel movements too started experiencing internal divisions orchestrated by political differences which led to fights leading to further complexity of the war and endangering lives of more civilians. Up to date fighting between the governments and rebel movements continues. Opportunistic bandits and militias have also taken advantage of this and it has affected the huma nitarian aid and contributed to most the of gender based crimes.Despite this constitutional crisis, the Sudan government is seen to be on centre stage as President Bashir and his entire government is the one who created conducive environment for the fights due to their counterinsurgency campaigns by dint of use of violence that target innocent civilians. moreover it has rendered peace keeping missions by the international community futile. All this makes the government to be accused of being the main player in the on going Darfur conflicts. The poor living conditions with no food or little food has led to malnutrition cases among those displaced.Further attacks made against the rescue police squads have made it difficult for food to be availed to the needy persons in the camps hence cases of starvation due to limited or no food provision among the people together with lack of water are rampant (SaveDarfur, 2010). Geographic factor Darfur means the land of fur people. It was an in dependent sultanate from fourteenth century to 1917. It was absorbed into the British Empire after the World War 1. Under the rule of colonialists, development in the region was neglected. Before thusly, Darfur was provided with nothing apart from oxen and gum export support.Important facilities like maternity clinics were not available and at time of independence, Darfur had the final number of hospital beds (De Waal Flint, 2005). Deliberate negligence of Darfur especially after falling in the hands of colonialists is the study reason behind the hostility. Another reason is that Darfur is somehow separated from Sudan by mountains and has therefore been regarded by some people as part of Chad. In the last three centuries, neighboring countries have been struggling to trounce Darfur (Collins, 2006.In the pre-colonial era there was more development than there is today due to cooler climates and the geographical condition as it was the pathway for the traders since it was between the desert and the mountains. Most of the important trade items such as feathers of ostrich, ivory and tusks of the time were transported through Darfur but in todays economy they are no longer necessary hence decline in the economic growth of Darfur. With the imposition of the colonialists, Darfurs sizeableness ceased and from then their attention from the telephone exchange government was lost (Prunier 2007).People of Western Sudan were disappointed by the rally government for its neglect on the region. Drought experienced in 1983 and 1984 and its mismanagement by the government added to the fury. This is because the then president ignored warnings by experts on the effects of the drought on the people. Although the international community provided food it was hardly enough and this led to conflicts among the Darfurians as they tried to survive (Collins Burr, 1995). The autonym also concurs that these disagreements between Khartoum and Southerners are major factors that broug ht about the conflicts.Lack of security is also a concern for the government. Darfur is in the east of the Chad and is not part of Nile Valley. Geographically, Darfur is in Chad and in the past the inhabitants were linked to west more than to the Arabs on the east of Nile. This has made Darfur to be seen to be open to influence from the neighboring countries. In the past, Sudan has had issues with Chad which made the government of Sudan to allow the Libyan troops to train there and this led to increased cases of banditry and small scale violence (Collins, 2006). bookings in Darfur have been said to spill over to the western knell into Chad and underlying Africa Republic (CAR) with several armed forces being involved hence forcing the people to flee their homes across the three countries. Chad and Sudan have been accusing each other of lending a helping hand to the rebel movements in one anothers country. A quarter of Darfur citizens have fled to UN ran camps in Chad while a few of Chad citizens have taken refuge in Darfur. CARs government blames Sudan for supporting coalition of rebels which is Union of Democratic Forces for Unity which opposes President Francoise B.of CAR. Darfur expelled a number of humanitarian agencies after International Criminal Court issued a warrant on apprehensiveness of Bashir. As a result, thirteen international agencies and some three local groups were told to cease working in Darfur and in other parts of northern and grey Sudan. Since then little humanitarian action is said to take place (Hicks, 2010). UN Panel of Experts that is given the mandate to monitor the situation on the ground has been denied access to some areas. Other monitoring mechanisms that are independent have been reorganized as joint mechanisms with the government of Sudan.This has in turn led to increased levels of malnutrition and more so in rural areas where aid is stretched beyond capacity. Camps where they have fled due to the fights are raided by armed groups and collection of basic needs materials like firewood is proving to be dangerous as women are raped and men killed. Malnutrition rates are increasing as levels of hygiene in camps is poor and sporadic fights continue displacing more people. As people migrate from one country to the other, due to the fights, they increase chances of spreading infections.Cholera which is related to poor conditions spreads fast and other air borne diseases. Furthermore, the immigrants superpower not be covered by health services of the receiving country be it Sudan or the neighbors as they are not documented as required therefore being more vulnerable to diseases and this could function as a source of spread of diseases. Public health interventions in Darfur and in the nearby border camps might not have the required health personnel who are useful in exacting or treatment of some minor infections which makes it worse and also facilitates fast spread of infections.These factors will make easy for diseases or infections to spread fast causing more trouble to the already malnourished people as the conditions are favoring too (Hicks, 2010). Doha Darfur Agreement This is a declaration of heftywill and confidence build signed by the government of Sudan and Darfur justice and Equality Movement (JEM) which is to pave way for full winded negotiations. It aims at resolving the conflicts in Darfur. Qatar is playing the lineament of a mediator with the help of African union-United Nations through the use of intensive talks.These talks have been seen to restore sanity if not the required level of round peace to the troubled region. One of the reasons why it is seen to be a success is because of Qatars vigorous role in the last two years in collaboration with African Union- United Nations mediation team which is led by Djibril Bassole. Qatar has been successful in bringing the two parties together and getting them to ink a deal that is deemed to have the potential for paving w ay to settlement of the disputes. Secondly, the current political climate and squeeze on al Bashir to strike a deal as early as possible is also seen to be a reason.Al Bashir is getting pressure from Western countries in addition to the human rights government activity for his bad record on rights of humanity besides ICC threats to arrest him. Upcoming referendums for independence in southern parts have put pressure on Bashir to call for peace (Pandey, 2010). Third reason that is seen to make the peace deal a success under Qatar leadership is the difficulties that are being faced by the JWEM movement to keep its movement intact. With no support from NDajema, the group can only select for a peace deal as this is the only option since it has also lost the support it had before.The peace deal promises all the parties a chance to share power with the government. The fourth reason is the change of brass of the neighboring government of Chad. They have made amendments with the Khartou m government to end their long status feud. The sign of the peace accord by Chadian government in Doha shows its willingness to end the long term disputes and its support of Darfur. Another reason is the approach by International community which has also seen some changes. in that respect is a positive attitude as the agreement led by Qatar has the full backing of organizations and world powers that have major influence.Finally disarray in rebel movements in Darfur is another reason. Leader of SLA which sparked move out the fights has lost major influence on the ground due to certain splits. Many of the splitters have coupled hand to form Liberation Movement for justice which has agreed to talk with the Sudanese government. With the support of most countries and with the dedication of the government of Sudan this can be seen as a step forward for the on going peace talks. Dedication too by JEM which is playing a major role is a good sign that the deal will be a success.Mass part icipation by people of Sudan in the concluded elections shows that there is a positive trend (Pandey, 2010). However, these peace deals have been marked by a number of difficulties which include lack of confidence among the parties to the conflict, disputes among the movements and their unwillingness to unite in the critical process of restoring peace. These challenges are being overcome through the use of workshops which comprises of international leadership and experts drawn from the civil society organizations which are supposed to submit a recommendation on Darfurs crisis so as to restore peace.Other challenges go about the peace talks are issues related to pockets of instability and lack of access to unstable and other areas by UNAMID. Some of the measures taken to counter the challenges are deployment of security to the humanitarian persons and the targeted population, and provision of pro active support for the peace keeping process and facilitation of the ongoing normalizat ion of relations between Chad and Sudan and support of recuperation process (UN Security Council, 2010). Conclusion The crises in Darfur do not reflect local conflicts but earlier government crisis in the whole nation.The major reason why the conflicts erupted in Darfur is because of negligence by central government to issues related to development. Due to this many of people have been deprived of their human rights and there have been several humanitarian crises which have led to many deaths. Most of the deaths were due to poor health conditions especially in the camps and also due to lack of water. The only way to ensure that the conflicts come to an end or some level of sanity is restored is through the governments dedication to peace talks with the other rebel groups.Equal development should be advocated for the whole country. Even with the deployment of troops by AU and protracted talks being held, emphasis should be on factors that led to the conflicts or else the interventi ons might turn out to be total failure. With the on going peace talks led by Qatar, some apply is raising though there are some difficulties involved. The strategies that are being used to correct the challenges show the extent of commitment and this makes the world and Darfur people to raise their hopes even more.Some strategic consultations too are on going between UNAMID and United Nations, African union, Arabs, the newly elected officials, displaced persons, women, the youths and representatives of civil organizations and involvement in peace process. Chad and Sudans reconciliation is strengthening too and there are no further inform cases of cross border attacks (UN Security Council, 2010). Efforts made by the international community in response to the crisis facing Darfur are being closely monitored by international organizations, governments, and worldwide scholars.If the international community continues to show its support, Sudan will finally enjoy peace which has been ab sent for so many years. References AMNESTY International, (2008). Sudan the crisis in Darfur. Retrieved on June 7, 2010 from http//www. amnesty. ca/themes/sudan_darfur_conflict. php AP, (2010). Review of data from Darfur conflicts shows that 80% of deaths caused by diseases and not violence. Retrieved on June 7, 2010 from http//blog. taragana. com/health/2010/01/23/review-of-data-from-darfur-conflict-shows-80-percent-of-deaths-caused-by-disease-not-violence-186 Burr, J. Milliard and Robert O. Collins (1995)coronach for the Sudan War, Drought, and Disaster Relief on the Nile. Boudler Westview Press Inc. Collins, Robert O. (2006) The Disaster in Darfur in Historical Perspective, The Journal of Conflict Studies, Winter 2006, pp. 25-43 Flint, J. De Waal, A. (2005) Darfur A Short History of A Long War. London Zed Books Kumar, V. (2010). Why international interventions to stop fighting in Darfur failed and alternative policies. Retrieved on June 7, 2010 from http//www. helium. com/items/ 954423-international-intervention-stop-fighting-darfur-failed-policy-alternatives? page=2 Hicks, C. (2010).Chad views from Darfur refugees and UN protection force for Central Africa. Retrieved on June 8, 2010 from http//www. helomagazine. org/chad/2010/3/4/chad-views-from-darfur-refugees-and-the-un-protection-force. html Pandey, R. (2010). Why Darfur accord will hold. Qatar Tribune. Prunier, G. (2007) Darfur The Ambiguous Genocide. New York Cornell University Press. SaveDarfur, (2010). What has happened in Darfur? Retrieved on June 7, 2010 from http//www. savedarfur. org/pages/primer Ubiera, S. N. (2010). Darfur. Retrieved on June 7, 2010 from http//achumbalacafe. tripod. com/id1.html United Nations Childrens Fund, (2010). Sudan Nutrition summary, issue 23. United Nations Security Council, (2010).AU-UN interbreeding operation in Darfur focused on protection mandate despite challenges. Retrieved on June 8, 2010 from http//www. reliefweb. int/rw/rwb. nsf/db900SID/EGUA-85MR67 USAID, ( 2010). Sudan food security outlook. Retrieved on June 7, 2010 from http//www. fews. net/docs/Publications/Sudan_Outlook_April_2010_final. pdf World Food Programme, (2010). What is malnutrition? Retrieved on June 7, 2010 from http//www. wfp. org/hunger/stats? gclid=CNG94pXAjaICFU6Z2AodHD9_Uw

Payroll System Essay Example for Free

Payroll System rise1.0 IntroductionA ease uproll department system involves everything that has to do with the payment of employees and the filing of employment taxes. This includes keeping furrow of hours, calculating wages, withh experienting taxes and other deductions, printing and delivering checks and paying employment taxes to the government. A computerized payroll department system saves on time and lowers your error ratio. You croup enter payroll payment information quicker than with a manual of arms system, and run payroll registers to double check your information bulge front printing the checks. This allows you to detect errors and adjust them forbidden front I cook completed a preliminary investigation of the payroll system.As our project the payroll system is one of the softw atomic number 18 that the professional is develop, the system is good for its specialty in the fields of accounting, it is flabby to use and effective and efficient in organizing a nd calculating the payroll process and it is more important practical application that should be used by businesses of both size. Payroll systems ar very simple to use, they laughingstock slow be incorporated into every business applications being used by the company. These systems be a guaranteed style to make sure your payroll is through with(p) on time and in agreement with all levy authorities. Tax laws and rates have continually changed in recent years, new tax credits, expiration of old credits and rate changes poop all affect the outcome of your payroll. 1.1 Background of the study dedicated prayer beads teachhouse of Science Technology was established in 1987 by Mr. and Mrs. Rosario. The old name of the school is Holy Rosary Child Center School. It started as learning center and has been improved until 4th year tall school.There are four quarters every year. Every last week of the quarters, the examinations are stocked. eldest quarter give start from the be ginning of the school year mainly June and ends at the month of August. stake quarter will start from September until October. Third quarter will start from November until December. Then Christmas prison-breaking will fall in the middle of December and last until the first week of January. The examination for tertiary quarter will be on the second week of January. Fourth and the last quarterwill start from January until the end of the school year mainly March. In every classroom there are 20-30 students.The system they are using is manual. The manual payroll system is an inexpensive method of performing the payroll process. Manual payroll means that you, or another employee within your company, calculate the payroll each pay period entirely on paper. You will invite to calculate taxes, insurance, 401K, and any other applicable deductions in addition to each employees actual earnings. The advantage of using a manual system is that it is very inexpensive, with close no start-up c osts. The disadvantage is that whatever you save on start-up costs will probably be eaten up by the amount of time it takes to process payroll. In addition, its very easy to make mistakes when processing payroll manually, and the penalty for mistakes, especially mistakes in taxing, foot be very costly. There are at to the lowest degree free payroll templates out there, but it still difficult to do manual payroll processing. disciples cognition is measured by having examinations. Teachers will manually create the examinations base on the lessons they already tackled each quarter. There are chores occur during these days. First is the creation of the questionnaire, it takes time and effort for it to be done and be ready for the examination day. Second, the examinations are mirrored to each other, so some of the students can intimately cheat. Third, the questionnaire will be manually checked and it takes time before the Teachers and the student can see the results. at last the Te achers are having a hard time manually creating reports for the student record. 1.1 Statement of the problem1.2.1 General problemAs a manual payroll system is done entirely by hand, there are plenty of points at which things can go wrong out-of-pocket to human error. They need a commodious time to enroll and lack of security such as be have got of poor selective information storage. An individual carries out all timesheets, taxes, wages, checks, verification and recordings, and there are many small calculations that can be slightly fake that will cause far more serious problems push down the line. The fact that a manual payroll is done by hand can cause problemswith liability. If one individual is in send off of the payroll system, then anything and everything that goes wrong is their responsibility, meaning they will have to deal with the consequences. If there are any mistakes made with taxes, then the individual can infer penalties from the government. A manual payroll syste m can only really used successfully and efficiently if it is only for a handful of employees.1.2.2 Specific problems1.2.2.1 unfortunate bookman Info.Using manual system, the students information are only place or written in index card, so there are times that some of the index must misplace or lost. Because it is not a computerized system, computerized payroll system saves on time and lowers your error ratio. You can enter payroll payment information quicker than with a manual system, and run payroll registers to double-check your information before printing the checks.1.2.2.2 Lack of SecurityUsing manual system, there is a tendency that a data will be lost or misplaced. Storing of data in all over, like in the table which can lead to misplacement of the data because its not a computerized system, using that system they dont need to store it everywhere because it is placed on a computer, which is a data are plugd.1.2.2.3 Problems with a paycheckProblems with a paycheck can mess up an employees budgeting for the month. Being over or under stipendiary and in like manner early or too late is not only extremely irritating, but can lead to bills not being paid on time and payments being missed. The most common problems in manual payroll systems are referable to the margin for error being much higher than other systems. 1.3 Objectives of the Study1.3.1 General objectiveTo render a computerized system because manual system can consume time or it can scourge time. Using manual system, there are plenty of points at which things can go wrong due to human error. The fact that a manual payroll isdone by hand can cause problems with liability. If one individual is in charge of the payroll system, then anything and everything that goes wrong is their responsibility, meaning they will have to deal with the consequences. Computerized system can help Holy Rosary School of Science and Technology to secure important data by the use of computer. Computerized System can ma nage things easier and faster. 1.3.2 Specific Objectives1.3.2.1 Complete and Upgraded Student InformationStudents and Teachers in Holy Rosary School of Science and Technology can find any information easily and more accurate because it is already stored in computer. 1.3.2.2 To maintain a data securedBy keeping a data secured, all students and teachers are worry free from their files or data by the help of a computerized system. They can secured it more by using password. 1.3.2.3 Complete paycheckUsing computerized system, employers can manage their workers or teachers salary accurately or on time.1.4 Significance of the studyThis study is conducted by the researchers for the purpose of developing a manual system to lessen the chances of the aforementioned problems to occur again. Nowadays, computerized system are widely used by schools around the world. This gave the researchers the idea to conduct this study and give solutions to the problems encountered. This study can also benefi ts school, principal, registrar, efficiency, students, parents, researchers, and also incoming researchers. 1. The school The researchers proposed study can benefit Holy Rosary School of Science and Technology by having a record that we conduct a survey and interview or we are studying the system of their school. 2.The Principal The researchers proposed study will benefit the principal of the school that we conduct a survey by gaining a knowledge from our interview because the principal will know that they need to upgrade their system from manual system to computerized system. 3. The Registrar The benefit of the researchers proposed study is to influence the owner of the school to upgrade their system, to find anyinformation easily and accurately. 4. The Faculty The researchers proposed study will benefit the faculty from their study because it will help them check, locate and print the reports easily. 5. Students/ Pupils The researchers proposed study serves the students as their reference or withdraw in creating their program. It will also help students taking computer related courses to identify the best computer programming language to use. 6. Parents The researchers proposed study will benefit every parents or researchers parents by being happy because of the knowledge of the researchers gained. 7. The researchers Researchers will benefit from this study by applying the knowledge and skills gained in programming to real life scenario. 8. The future researchers The proposed study will benefits and help the future researcher as their guide. The study can also bluff in development of this study.1.5 Scope and Limitation of the StudyScope of the StudyEasily to find dataSecurity SettingCertification of GradesSectioning of the StudentsViewing of Student FormUpdating RequirementsViewing of Schedule of runViewing of Students ScheduleLimitationsStudents examinationPaymentStudents grade2.0 Methodology of the StudyFigure 1 waterfall Model1. Software Re quirement Specification This is the most crucial leg of the whole project. Here, the project team,along with the customer makes a detailed list of user requirements. The project team chalks out, in detail, the functionality and limitations of the software they are developing. The document which contains all this information is called SRS and it clearly and unambiguously indicates the requirements. A small amount of top-level analysis and figure of speech is also documented. This document is verified and endorsed by the customer before starting the project. SRS serves as the input for further phases.2. Software Design and System Design Using SRS as input, system bearing is done. System design includes designing of software and hardware i.e. functionality of hardware and software is delineated. After the separation design of the software, the modules are done. The design process translates requirements into representation of the software that can be assessed for quality before gen eration of codification begins. At the same time test plan is prepared. Test plan describes the various tests which will be carried out on the system after completion of development.3. Implementation and Unit Testing After the system design, edict generation begins. Code generation is the conversion of design into machine-readable form. If designing of software and system is done well, code generation can be easy. Software modules are now further divided into social units. A unit is a logically separable part of the software. Testing of units can be done separately. In this phase unit testing is done by the developer himself, to ensure that there are no defects.

Employment and Trade Unions Essay Example for Free

conflict and wiliness Unions EssayThroughout the study I shoot tried with the best of my capacity to harbour as much in inningation and relevant issues as possible and tried to fol beginning the instructions as you have suggested. I tried my best to make this get across as much informative as possible. I sincerely believe that it ordain satisfy your requirements. I however sincerely believe that this report will serve the purport of my course (industrial Relation). I am grateful to you for your guidance and kind co-operation at every step of my endeavor on this report. My effort will be reworded still if it adds value to the research literature.Introduction One of the major functions of human resource circumspection is to maintain smooth industrial dealing (IR). It is also treated as one of the oldest functions of HRM. It is basic in ally allied with the relations surrounded by the employer and the endureers in the patience (Singh Kumar, 2011 3). According to Weer atunga (20035) Industrial Relations or Labor Relations, the scathe used interchangeably, can be viewed as the interaction among the various interested parties involved in employment. The employer and the employee are obvious parties.The state, in ensuring a aim playing field for both sides, provides the legal framework within which such relations may take place. In industrial relations, workers are generally represented by their trade unions formed low chapter 13 of Bangladesh Labor Act2006 whereas employers are represented by their associations such as Bangladesh Employers Federation. HR managers mediate the relationships between workers and employers though they are appointed by the representatives of employers. An other(a) related term is Employee Relations.Though both the wrong industrial relations and employee relations are structurally similar (Decenzo Robbins, 1999 18), employee relations includes, in addition to industrial relations, such aspects as participative mana gement, employee wellbeing, employee makement, employee compensation, employee protection and health, and the like (Aswathappa, 2008534). Generally industrial relations cover the areas such as trade unions, collective talk terms, settlement of industrial altercates, grievance handling procedure, role of government, force back laws, courts and tribunals and role of employers.In the context of developing countries, industrial relations has been influenced by features such as high exploitation of workers, low level of worker affaire in decision making, government and political interferences, high rate of analphabetism of workers, low level of employment, low level of awareness among the laborers regarding chastises, laws, and trade unionism, and low labor productivity (Khan Taher, 2008 222-23). Industrial relations plays an authoritative role in establishing and maintaining industrial democracy (Monappa, 2004 9) and it is the key to improve productivity in industrial enterprises (Aswathappa, 2004 534).Human resource management can play vital roles in enhancing cooperative and palsy-walsy industrial relations. In Bangladesh, collective negotiateing on birth between employer and workmen is prohibited in the human beings field enterprises as the government designs uniform pay and benefits for the employees of all public sector enterprises (Mahmood, 2008). The limited backdrop of collective bargaining in the public sector of Bangladesh influences the trade unions to develop network with government, political parties and other powerful bodies in organizing their activities.It hinders effective interactions between the representatives of employers and workers at enterprise level. Though performance establish pay is considered to have significant impact on employee performance (DesslerVarkkey, 2010 15), it is non at all practiced by the public sector enterprises in Bangladesh. As a result, public sector enterprises in Bangladesh have been incur huge losses. On the other hand, all types of collective bargaining takes place at enterprise level in case of private sector enterprises (Khan, 1996).Mahmood (2008) mentioned that the industrial relations process in the private sector was often disturbed by links between private and public sector unions. Objectives a) To explore the differences between public and private sector industrial enterprises of Bangladesh with respect to overall status of IR. b) To put forward policy implications of overall improvement in IR of Bangladesh. Industrial Relations Studies in Bangladesh Khan (1986) studied industrial relations in Bangladesh with special emphasis on trade unionism. sight Unions craftiness Union is an transcription of workers who have banded together to achieve common goals such as protecting the integrity of its trade, achieving high pay, change magnitude the number of employees an employer hires, and better working conditions.An organized association of workers in a trade, group of t rades, or profession, formed to protect and further their rights and interests. A group of employees in a particular sector, whose aim is to carry off with employees over pay, job security, working hours, and so on using the collective power of the members. The most common purpose of these associations or unions is maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment. Causes of organizing trade unions Provision of benefits to members professional training, legal advice and representation for members is still an important benefit of trade union membership. Industrial action Trade unions may enforce meets or rampart to lockouts in furtherance of particular goals. Political activity Trade unions may promote legislation easy to the interests of their members or workers as a whole.To this end they may pursue campaigns, undertake lobbying, or financially fend for individual candidates or parties. Conditions of employment and any grievances are settled through trade unions. Bargaining rights Trade unions bargain and ensure the status, rights, profitss and demands of workers of the modern world of industry.Contribution in frugalal growth Trade unions are growing rapidly in an economy because of the expansion of business and economical growth. Objectives Trade unions are the only way to manage, compliant, and control the labour force. Lots of objectives are there to organize trade unions. . To throw or improve the wages and working conditions of workers and to bring virtually a change in the economic order. 2. To streng wherefore their (labour) bargaining power collectively to establish and achieve all their rights. 3. To dully protect all other interest of the workers . And from the managements point of view the objectives as written a) To reduce the number of negotiation. b)To specify work rules, disagreements and grievances to give the better solution to workers claim. c) To establish the efficient communication between the employers and managemen t to enforce the foreseeable standards. ) To enhance the overall organizational effectiveness workers can also be sometimes inspired to form and organize trade union. In fact, objectives of a trade union are non defined kind of these are changing according to the need of the economy and overall industry. When these objectives are not settled then the rivals are started History of Trade Unions The Pakistan Period (1947-71) -The East Pakistan Trade Unions Act, 1965 was enacted repealing the Trade Unions Act, 1926. -The Labor Disputes Act, 1965 was enacted. -Industrial Relations Ordinance, 1969 was enacted integration the above two Acts.Bangladesh Period (1971-onwards) -Government of Bangladesh declared a labor policy in 1972. The right to strike and collective bargaining in the nationalized industries was prohibited for six months by Presidential order no. 55 in May 1972. -In 1973, the right to strike and lockout, as granted by IRO, 1969 was withdrawn. -In 1974 Act completely suspe nd the democratic rights of workers by prohibiting trade union activities such as strikes, lock-outs, collective bargaining. -The military regime of 1975 enforce restrictions on the rights of collective bargaining. The Industrial Relations (Amendment) Ordinance, 1977 liberalized the Rights of Freedom of Association -The Labor Policy of 1980 restored the right to immunity of association to a considerable extent -In 1982 the military regime banned trade union activities, strikes, and right of freedom of association. Limitations In Bangladesh Trade Unions have a lot of unavoidable problems 1. Lack of consciousness Trade union are not actually completely aware about employees legal rights and duties. 2. Lack of concurrence In Bangladesh trade unions are separated for political influence. 3.Lack of friendship The workers of Bangladesh dont have enough knowledge about their rights and duties. 4. Political influence In Bangladesh, trade unions work a part of political parties not as a f ree right saving association. 5. Division of trade union Bangladesh is a expanse where every organization has more trade unions in name only. The overall productivity got down. Suggestions Strengthening isobilateral collective bargaining for solving problems quickly and effectively. Multiplicity of trade union creates the rivals in a union. So it must be reduced. Political involvement must be reduced.Organization must support financially as trade unions support the worker. Training programs under trade union should be helpful to develop the skills of the workers. Trade unions function should be increased and widened throughout the organization. Union leader must be precondition importance and encourage the members. If trust between workers and management increases, productivity increases. Management must help and legislate trade unions to settle industrial clashes and crisis. Trade unions always should demand reasonable thing to the management. . What is a dispute? Academically speaking, industrial dispute refers to any conflict between employees and employers, between employers and employers and between employers and employees. But in reality, dispute is understood as the conflict between employees and employers.There are three types of Disputes Disciplinary disputes unrighteousness disputes Industrial disputes According to Industrial Dispute Act, 1947, Industrial dispute means any dispute or difference between employers and employers, or between employers and workmen, or between workmen and workmen, which is connected with the mployment or non-employment or terms of employment or with the conditions of labour of any person. Causes of Industrial Disputes Some of the prominent causes of industrial disputes may be listed thus Employment The list here includes disputes over wages, allowances, bonus, benefits, working, condition, unjust dismissals, downsizing of workers, methods of job evaluation, changes in methods of production, non-implement of awa rds of tribunals, etc.The National Commission on Labor remarked though on majority of occasions industrial disputes were based on claims pertaining to the terms and condition of employment, sometimes economic issues of a general character dominated and, on occasion, purely motives. The causes of industrial disputes can be broadly classified into two categories economic and non-economic causes. The economic causes will include issues relating to compensation like wages, bonus, allowances, and conditions for work, working hours, leave and holidays without pay, unjust layoffs and retrenchments.The non economic factors will include exploitation of workers, ill treatment by staff members, sympathetic strikes, political factors, indiscipline etc. Wages and allowancesSince the speak to of surviving index is increase, workers generally bargain for higher wages to meet the rising cost of living index and to increase their standards of living. In 2002, 21. 4% of disputes were caused by dem and of higher wages and allowances.This percentage was 20. 4% during 2003 and during 2004 increased up to 26. 2%. In 2005, wages and allowances accounted for 21. % of disputes. Personnel and retrenchmentThe personnel and retrenchment have also been an important factor which accounted for disputes. During the year 2002, disputes caused by personnel were 14. 1% charm those caused by retrenchment and layoffs were 2. 2% and 0. 4% respectively. In 2003, a similar trend could be seen, wherein 11. 2% of the disputes were caused by personnel, while 2. 4% and 0. 6% of disputes were caused by retrenchment and layoffs. In year 2005, only 9. 6% of the disputes were caused by personnel, and only 0. 4% were caused by retrenchment.Indiscipline and violenceFrom the given table, it is evident that the number of disputes caused by indiscipline has shown an increasing trend. In 2002, 29. 9% of disputes were caused because of indiscipline, which rose up to 36. 9% in 2003. Similarly in 2004 and 2005, 4 0. 4% and 41. 6% of disputes were caused due to indiscipline respectively. During the year 2003, indiscipline accounted for the highest percentage (36. 9%) of the total time-loss of all disputes, followed by cause-groups wage and allowance and personnel with 20. 4% and11. % respectively.A similar trend was observed in 2004 where indiscipline accounted for 40. 4% of disputes. BonusBonus has always been an important factor in industrial disputes. 6. 7% of the disputes were because of bonus in 2002 and 2003 as compared to 3. 5% and 3. 6% in 2004 and 2005 respectively. Leave and working hours Leaves and working hours have not been so important causes of industrial disputes. During 2002, 0. 5% of the disputes were because of leave and hours of work while this percentage increased to 1% in 2003. During 2004, only 0. % of the disputes were because of leaves and working hours. ? MiscellaneousThe miscellaneous factors include Inter/Intra Union Rivalry Charter of Demands subject field Loa d Standing orders/rules/service conditions/safety measures Non-implementation of agreements and awards etc. corporal Bargaining Collective bargaining includes not only negotiations between the employers and unions but also includes the process of resolving labor-management conflicts. Thus, collective bargaining is, essentially, a accept way of creating a system of industrial jurisprudence.It acts as a method of introducing civil rights in the industry, that is, the management should be conducted by rules rather than arbitrary decision making. It establishes rules which define and restrict the traditional authority exercised by the management. brilliance to employees ? Collective bar aining develops a sense of self respect and responsibility among the employees. It increases the strength of the workforce, thereby, increasing their bargaining capacity as a group. Collective bargaining increases the morale and productivity of employees.It restricts managements freedom for arbitrar y action against the employees. Moreover, unilateral actions by the employer are also discouraged. Effective collective bargaining machinery strengthens the trade unions movement. The workers feel motivated as they can approach the management on various matters and bargain for higher benefits. It helps in securing a prompt and fair settlement of grievances. It provides a flexible means for the adaptation of wages and employment conditions to economic and technological changes in the industry, as a result of which the chances for conflicts are reduced.Importance to employers 1. It becomes easier for the management to resolve issues at the bargaining level rather than taking up complaints of individual workers. 2. Collective bargaining tends to promote a sense of job security among employees and thereby tends to reduce the cost of labor turnover to management. 3. Collective bargaining opens up the channel of communication between the workers and the management and increases worker pa rticipation in decision making. 4. Collective bargaining plays a vital role in settling and preventing industrial disputes.Importance to society 1. Collective bargaining leads to industrial peace in the country 2. It results in boldness of a harmonious industrial climate which supports which helps the pace of a nations efforts towards economic and mixer development since the obstacles to such a development can be reduced considerably. 3. The discrimination and exploitation of workers is eer being checked. 4. It provides a method or the regulation of the conditions of employment of those who are directly concerned about them.

Legal framework for social work in United Kingdom Essay Example for Free

Legal frame compute for loving induce in fall in commonwealth EssayLegal frame rifle for loving action in United KingdomIntroduction kind work on is defined as a affairal and academic discipline that completelyow seek to have improvement on the individuals, groups and communities role of life and their well-being through having policies, conducting researches, organizing communities and teaching for the skilful of the people affected by friendly limitations that may include poverty, mental and physical sickness, complaisant wrong including violation of human seriouss. International (Federation of mixer Workers 2000). These groups may include school dropouts, the elderly in the society, jejune offenders, drug and alcohol abusers and the homeless complaisant workers will work in different settings within a set of framework of legislation and makes. The setting may include a school situation, the service users home, a hospital or a public sector premiseSocia l work values Social work is argued to be value based. Since it is a profession on, social work ethics (values) thus hit to a set of guidelines that have to govern the way master copys treat the people they consummation with and the sort of actions that be regarded as right or wrong. They offer a vision and legal opinion (Bernstein 1970) Social work in the United Kingdom occurs in four spheres. The first sphere is majorly a concept relates to the moral philosophy that creates the ethical arguments on social work. The second sphere is based on the legislation that has created an environment for practice of social work with reference to the social work upshots. The third sphere is the political ideas and concepts and their influence in shaping and sculpturing the social work models, social work methods and practices. The last sphere presents the historical part of the kickoff of social work as a profession and its struggle for professional identity. These spheres are of fered, mid go and restricted definitions of social work ethics and values (Bernard et al 2008, p. 6) This paper will focus on the second sphere in reference to the United Kingdom.Social work and law Social work as a profession has to follow certain laws and regulations which govern the profession. The legal framework involves the statute laws and case laws and tries to explain the relationship that links them. Moreover, it details legislation of the government activity nether acts of parliament, the international laws, policy counseling, and the local anaesthetic government circulars that articulate the purpose and guidance principles of legislation. health and tutorship professional Council cipher of practice As a social worker, it is paramount to be aware of the legal obligations required of them to create a kempt and safe working conditions. The General Social Care Council code of practice imposes more duties for employers of social workers. The code states that (Bra yne Carr 2002, P. 49)The social worker shall protect and publicise interests of the service usersThe social worker will strive to establish, bind conceive and confidence of the service usersThe social worker will bring up independence of the service users sequence giving them protection from possible harmThe social worker shall respect the rights of the service users while ensuring that their bearing will non harm other people and themselvesThe social worker shall uphold the public trust and confidence in the social fear functionThe social worker shall be accountable for quality in their work and taking responsibility for maintenance and improvement of their knowledge do works of parliamentThe Carew standard fiddle 2000 This achievement has a significant role in the social care work as it did extend the registration regime for the social care in England and that of Wales for provision of the childrens operate, the doing requires the followingreadjustment of children homes adaption of family centresRegistration of the independent fostering agenciesRegistration of the voluntary adoption agenciesRegistration of support agencies To be a permanent registered member one has to meet a set of regulations orient to each individual service. In coming up to a decision whether the regulatory requirement neutralize been fulfilled, the registering situation must have a regard to minimum National standards. Englands registration authority is Office for Standards in Education, Childrens Services and Skills (OFSTED). The Social workers and the social care services can non start without having satisfied the higher up requirements. As a social worker or a social care service provider, at that place is a collect to have knowledge to avoid prosecution by LawThe health and social care Act 2012 This bill was agreed upon by both houses and obtained the royal stag Assent on the twenty-seventh of March to become an act of parliament. The bill created an indep endent National Health Service Board to promote choices made by the patients in regard to their health is treats and reduced the administration tool of the National Health Service. A National Health Service Board was in addition created to allocate resources and provide guidance on commissioning of social care services. Powers of the governments ability to commission services on behalf of patients were increased. The function of the Care Quality Commission was strengthened and plane character 209 of this Act amended. The powers of the new law under Section 60 of the 199 Act gave her majesty the power by order in the council to regulate social workers and social care practitioners of England. This placed the role of social workers and the role of social health care providers directly under her majesty (Britain 2012, p. 9). This Act placed a lot of Significance on Social Care services being provided in the United Kingdom. A consideration on the adult social care was emphasized. For example, allowing the air of public health to the local authorities through local health and the well being boards. versatile new bodies have emerged such as the Local health watches which have a function of checking on health and the social care standards.Childrens Act 2004. In England, the law protects the right of children. Section 11 and 12 of this Act places a statutory trading on all agencies to co-operate and promote the welfare of the children. The government guidance for social workers and other professionals that interact with children is that the social worker has a duty of keeping the children safe. at that place should be constant feedback to the children social care local authority on suggestions and assessment and lastly any somebody who has a role should not think that he/she has the absolute right to the childs needs. Professionals sometimes fail to report the abuse and neglect cases do not face penalties for crime up to now they might be subjected to profe ssional disciplinePublic Services (Social Value) Act 2012 The bill got a Royal Assent on 8th of March. The bill aimed to give strength to the social enterprise businesses sectors and make germane(predicate) the concept of social value and its importance in the placing and providing of public services. With this bill a National Social enterprise strategy was created to encourage the engagement in social enterprises. The local government act 2000 section 4 was then required to have a sustainable community strategy proposal that promote the engagement of social enterprise in their areas.The Local Authority Social Services Act 1970 This Act brought together the different fields of social work into a single Social service section in every local authority. With this establishment, an emphasis was laid on a co-ordinated and comprehensive brass of come along to the social care, the support of families and identifying the need for people to seek aid. The formulated departments then b ecame responsible for domestic aid, residential accommodation and recreational services.Care council of Wales All social workers should be registered. It is one of the bodies mandated to register and regulates the activities of the social workers and all other social care in Wales. The care council is set up under the Care Standards Act 2000. It includes the codes of professional practice, conduct rules, and a well established guideline on the complainants procedure. slightly other features accessed include consultation services, annual reports, the newsletters and the e-bulletins. Registration of workers ensures that there is as constant data of forthcoming social workers and social health care workers in a given state or region. It is light(a) to verify a genuine worker and avoids imposters who might be out on criminal activitiesCare and Social Services of the inspectorate of Wales This is a body mandated to regulating and inspecting the establishment of agencies that offer social care services in Wales region. It carries out duties on behalf of the ministers of Wales. It has been given power under Act 2003 of the Social and Health care to look into the handling of social services by the local authorities. On their website, one is able to push on a query on social workers conduct for necessary action.Rights and freedoms of Social workers and limitationsGuide to breeding manduction Social work is a professional duty. When dealing with children, England places emphasis on effective study sharing between the local agencies and the social workers on identification and assessment of service provisions. These are defined in Working together to safeguard children (PDF). Under this guidance, paragraph 1.24 states clearly that fears that arise on sharing personal information should not hinder promotion of a childs welfare and safety. All social workers and social care provider thus are required to have an efficient information discernment process to avo id a scenario of neglect in believe that another individual will do the task.Limitations to this guide These provisions however do have limitations. In Waless guidance on information sharing is found in chapter 14 of Safeguarding children working together under the Children Act 2004 (PDF). In these guidance paragraph 14.5 overlaps the guidance for professionals in England. It states that The safety and welfare of a child or young person must be put into consideration first when making decisions astir(predicate) sharing information about them and that must be superseding public interest in revealing the information. The guidance then further goes on to give the way forward in sharing on information. Paragraph 14.6 states that the best way of ensuring that information sharing is properly handled is to work within carefully worked out information-sharing protocols between agencies and professionals involved, and taking legal advice in each case where necessary.Guide to Loss and dama ge Social workers have been mandated with a legal duty of caring and service providers. In essence these role places the employers with responsibility of paying up damages their employees run across while in line of duty. In the event those being taken care of suffer unbecoming damage as a result of social work interference, then they are entitled to sue the social work company for negligence. These may be as a result of physical damage, stimulated or psychological damage. While this is the case, the law prohibits the suing of social workers when performing certain statutory functions like safeguarding children. Employers need to understand the times which their employees may be liable to protection under the law and when not.Legislation on discrimination on Personal privacy In line of duty, social workers provide aid services. In order for them to carry out these functions effectively, it is paramount for them to have knowledge of the raft of legislation that protects indivi duals for discrimination basing on their gender, age, sexual orientation, religion, disability or ethnicity. These are domestic laws of the United Kingdom and are complemented by European Convention on human right which protects the citizens of the United Kingdom against unjustified state interference with their life. It is forever and a day possible for government and social work agencies getting into peoples life when they are not willing. In this event then the public can resort to the human rights protection of privacy and autonomy. Social workers and social work agencies need to have knowledge of the rights and privileges granted to the masses under the European form for both parties to avoid violating them while at the same time helping individuals who have had their rights contravenedThe gracious rights Human rights are legal obligations that are to be adhered to universally. Human rights are defined as the universal right to standard living that is adequate for healthy and well being of individuals and their families.(Roosevelt 2000, p.5). These are also embodied by global social work perspective by stating that The struggle for dignity and fundamental freedoms, which allows for the full exploitation of human potentials, boils down to two words human rights.(IFSW 1996).The presence of this law, social work in the United Kingdom is bound to human rights which are considered sensitive to human race and collective citizenship. The social work must then be conceptualized and sensitized to the culture in which the services are offered. Thus a social worker in England should be able to accept the culture and laws of a state or region in which he/she is working in.Conclusion Social work and social care has a pivotal role in service delivery to the society. This view cannot go unnoticed. The values, ethics of social work such as respect for humanity, equality and service to all have played a major role in helping the less privileged in the United Kingd om. The beneficiaries have included the mentally ill, the old, women and children. The United Kingdom having realized the vital role of social care came up with assorted laws not only to check but to guide the professionals in their field of work. These laws have been defined in various Acts of parliament, Scholarly publications and various codes of ethics and conduct of the Social work profession. Social workers and social care workers interact with different people on daily basis. In order for a harmonious and efficient system of operation to uphold, these laws and various publications have played a major role. However the legal stipulations have also had a negative side of the story being felt where they have had to hamper the operations of social workers and social care practitioners. Technological advancements and constant reviews of challenges that have risen in the working environment of this profession I believe can act as a catalyst to new ideas to command this dreadful p rofession to greater heights in the United KingdomReferencesBRITAIN, G. (2012). Health and social care act 2012 chapter 7. S.l., Tso.BRAYNE, H., CARR, H. (2012). Law for social workers. Oxford, Oxford University Press.BRITAIN, G. (2012). Health and social care act 2012 chapter 7. S.l., Tso.BARNARD, A., HORNER, N., WILD, J. (2008). The value base of social work and social care. Maidenhead, England, Open University Press.ROOSEVELT, E. (2000). Universal declaration of human rights in English, Spanish, French, Chinese, Russian, Arabic. Bedford, Mass, Applewood Books.HEALY, L. M. (2008). International social work professional action in an interdependent world. Oxford, Oxford University Press.REAMER, F. G. (2006). Social work values and ethics. New York, Columbia University Press.BERNSTEIN, P. (1997). American work values their origin and development. New York, State Univ. of New York Press.BANKS, S. (2012). Ethics and values in social work. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, Palgrave Macmillan.(2004). Children Act 2004 Explanatory notes. S.l., Stationery Office.Source document